The Effects Of Islamophobia On The Past And Present

To begin, social inequality in the past or present lead to chaotic consequences. Individual freedom of begin equal among started to vanish. Islamophobia began when the 9/11 terrorist attack occurred. After the 9/11 attack the development of the fear of Islamophobia began. In September 11, 2001, there was a terrorist attack and that took down the Twin Towers (Holman Silver, 2011, p. 483). Thus, this is a point of significant because this was the beginning of the major crisis of Islamophobia in America. People of America began to develop detestation for Muslim individuals. The presentation of the 9/11 act even three years later expressed the connotation that there was stress present in America. The sample examination express that American†¦show more content†¦To figure out the developing tread based on this issue that has ascended social inequality. He took lead to develop terror and provoked the rise of Islamophobia again. Muslim immigrants did not appreciate his action. Th is was due to the reason that when Trump become president he wanted to ban Muslims in America (Ledford, 2016, p. 13-14). This is another significant factor that increased Islamophobia. Hence, increasing racial social inequality. Many individuals that were non-Muslim began to hate Muslims. Causing hate crime and discrimination to increase and the actions of the president was incorrect (Ledford, 2016, p.13). Overall there were four main reasons. To begin, the president role regarding the case of 9/11. The second was the law regarding to 9/11. For the third, popularity and media approach the 9/11 act received. Lastly, invasion of Iraq (Kaplan, 2006, p.1). Consequently, another cause of racial social inequality was Trump. Therefore, the effect was discrimination and inequality. Othering Next, lets us take the look of the cause and effect of othering. Othering is the process known as, â€Å"the ways in which those who are not a part of the dominant class, race, or gender, are (mis)represented and (mis)treated by mainstream society. Marginalized others are seen as different and inferior and treated as such† (Gouweloos, 2017). Consequently, this is another reason why racial socialShow MoreRelatedIslamic Extremism Is Becoming A Global Matter1605 Words   |  7 Pagesextremism that went from 36 to 53 percent, whereas in Europe, the average increase was 27 percent (Poushter, 2015). This exemplifies the idea of Islamophobia. To fully comprehend how attitudes toward the Islamic religion have changed in the past decade, one must consider the history of Islam, and the societal and cultural changes pertaining to Islam. Islamophobia is becoming a global matter, and one must be aware to understand religious conflicts, as it can immensely influence society. The religion ofRead MoreIslam and Diane Frost Essay example1483 Words   |  6 PagesIslamophobia: Links between terrorism, Muslim and â€Å"race hate’’. By Mbalu Sillah English 101 Professor Caldwell 16 June 2011 Thesis: Millions of people from different races, nationalities and cultures around the world are united by their widespread Islamic faith. Introduction I. What is Islamaphobia? A. What cause it? B. Where it was use the most? C. Who did it affect the most? 1. Muslims 2. United State 3. Europe II. Terrorism A. September 11, 2001 Read MoreDoes Racial Bias Affect The Lives Of Americans? Essay1593 Words   |  7 PagesAmericans. This is why we must look at the causes of this racial bias and the effects. We cannot ignore the obvious disadvantages minorities face in America. When examining the ways that systemic racial bias affects the lives of Americans, it is important to first define what systemic racial bias actually is. For the purposes of this research paper, it is the tendency of racism to exist in a specified process. Throughout the past centuries, the presence of this bias changed significantly but not disappearedRead MoreExisting In Society Today Means To Be One Of The 7.5 Billion1715 Words   |  7 Pagesis a diverse range of ethnicities, societies, and cultures. As amazing as it sounds to live in such a diverse place and exist in a society such as today, every pro does indeed follow with a con. Though we have made tremendous advancements over the past decades legally, techno logically and financially we have failed to advance in the most important aspect of existing and that is, of course, our humanity. We do not fear the new Apple product that comes out or a law that gives women equal rights toRead MoreIslamic Cultural History1076 Words   |  5 Pagesdeadly ambition to create a country ruled by extremist ideals. However, in the broader context of history, what will have the most significant effect on cultural memory is not the fact that these terrorists and ideologues attempted to form a state, but that it was one claimed to be inherently Islamic. The resulting culture of fear, â€Å"othering†, and Islamophobia experienced across the developed world will cement the place of the Islamic State in cultural history, even as the group itself continues toRead MoreIslam And The Middle East Essay2164 Words   |  9 Pagesand more of another, but they were also seen as untrustworthy individuals. Additionally, prior to the September 11th, attacks and a n after effect of September 11, was that Muslim men were violent and Muslim women as oppressed individuals. Thus, the perception of Islamophobia and the threat it brings to western society has impacted the discussion of Islamophobia in America. American scholars sought to demonstrate that there was a divide between the Middle East and the west, between Muslims and AmericansRead MoreThe Effects of Cultural Assimilation: Conformity vs. Unorthodoxdy2124 Words   |  9 PagesThe Effects of Cultural Assimilation: Conformity vs. Unorthodoxdy â€Å"Cultural assimilation is a complex and multifaceted process that first involves immigrants learning the language, cultural norms, and role expectations of the absorbing society, and further changes in attitudes†, or so it is explained by Dejun Su, Chad Richardson, and Guang-zhen Wang, in their article, â€Å"Assessing Cultural Assimilation of Mexican Americans: How Rapidly Do Their Gender-Role Attitudes Converge to the U.S. MainstreamRead MoreTerrorism And Its Effects On Terrorism2383 Words   |  10 Pagesthere may be more to acts of terrorism than that which meets the eye. Throughout time, especially recently, terrorism has been present around the world, and as such, the question of its justifiability and morality is a common topic, but it is clear terrorist’s actions cannot be justified when observing organized terrorism, what causes terrorism, its past, and its effects on other people in the world. There has been enormous quantities of proof demonstrating that terrorism has quite literally beenRead MoreEssay On Police Brutality1076 Words   |  5 PagesThe Black Panthers made an impact on the way of our world thinks about the separation of African Americans and whites. Unfortunately America has gotten better but still quite the same. Huggins shows the question of the world being unequal. â€Å"In the past few years,† said Higgins, who lectured widely, â€Å"young people have begun to ask: ‘Well, if you had a school, you had free clinics, if you took care of those incarcerated by making sure their families could get on buses and visit them in the farawayRead MoreIslamophobia Essays1853 Words   |  8 Pagesis no different from a typical Katrina discrimination story as discrimination becomes a significant theme within Eggers novel. Other Sources such as Akbar Ahmed author of â€Å"Journey into Islam†, Maleiha Malik â€Å"Anti-Muslim Prejudice In The West: Past and Present† and Glenn Adams â€Å"Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy† in their own respect also contribute to Eggers theme discrimination. In the end Egger exposes in great details discrimination as the inhumane and tragic treatment Zeitoun recieved

Essay about Book Summary The Bible Among the Myths

INTRODUCTION The book opens with an introduction comparing the study of the Old Testament and the other religions and cultures of other peoples from the Ancient Near East. Scholars used to believe that the Old Testament was unique among other beliefs in the Ancient Near East but they now view the Old Testament as identical to other religions of its day and time. The author also discusses the vital philosophical distinction between â€Å"essence† and â€Å"accident.† When removing an essential feature of an object, it will cease to be itself but if you remove an accidental feature of an object, there will be no change in the object’s essential being. The author also introduces the characteristics of myth. 1) That human beings have†¦show more content†¦One of the groups of definitions falls under the category of the historical-philosophical definition. The first definition of myth in this category is the etymological definition. This definition stresses the falsity of the deity or event or thing being described. The second is the sociological-theological definition where the truth is seen as relative and something is considered true if it is seen as true by others. The third is the literary definition. These kinds of definitions claim to make no value judgment about their material. The events are not seen as right or wrong and the narrative makes use of symbolism to express it meaning. The many definitions of a myth have one thing in common; they all give to the philosophy of continuity. Continuity assumes that all things are not only related to one another, but are literally one another in some fashion. Overall it can be said that whatever the Bible is, whether symbol or literal, true or false, it is not myth. CHAPTER THREE CONTINUITY: THE BASIS OF MYTHICAL THINKING As the title of this chapter is Continuity: The Basis of Mythical Thinking the author gives further details about what he touched on at the end of chapter two. The presence of continuity is the one thing that myths have in common. The way of thinking in continuity views all things as part of each other inShow MoreRelatedEssay on Book Summary of the Bible Among the Myths2904 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction Author John N. Oswalt begins The Bible Among the Myths: Unique Revelation or Just Ancient Literature? with a concise and well-written introduction that whets the reader’s appetite, compelling one to continue reading. He begins by informing the reader that his novel has been in the works dating all of the way back to the 1960s, when he attended the Asbury Theological Seminary. Oswalt quickly points out that one of the main points that the book will focus on is determining if â€Å"the religionRead MoreBook Summary: the Bible Among the Myths by John N. Oswalt Essay3529 Words   |  15 PagesABSTRACT John Oswalt, in his book The Bible Among the Myths, presents his position to the reader that the bible is different and separate from other writings of the Ancient Near East. He asserts the Bible is both historically accurate and theologically sound. He makes the defense the Bible was divinely inspired and revealed to humanity and unique from other Ancient Near East literature. There was a time when the Bible, and the Israelite religion was different from its neighboring societies.Read MoreMs Paul2146 Words   |  9 PagesBible Among the Myths Malcom College English 093 Ms. Smith 01/23/2012 Introduction The book is an analysis of the Biblical view of the world and compares it other works in the Ancient Near East of that time with the development of the Bible. This is done by an in-depth analysis of the underlying beliefs inherent in mythology and the Biblical text. Of primary significance is the authors portrayal of the Biblical insistence on monotheism and divine transcendence compared to the polytheisticRead MoreEssay on The Bible Among the Myths Summary3696 Words   |  15 PagesSUMMARY OF JOHN N. OSWALT’S BOOK THE BIBLE AMONG THE MYTHS David Strickland Old Testament Introduction - OBST 590 June 1, 2013 Introduction The author, John N. Oswalt, was first introduced to the subject of this book in his seminary studies in the 1960s. Oswalt introduces his book with a narrative of the similarities and differences that exist between the Old Testament and the literature of the Ancient Near East. Prior to the 1960s scholars believed that the Old Testament was unique and didRead MoreThe Cyclops Scene In Flannery OConnors Good Country People1508 Words   |  7 Pagesleg. A Bible seller named Manley Pointer comes into her life, and eventually he steals Joy’s artificial leg. Flannery O’Connor, the author of Good Country People, was a boarder of Robert and Sally Fitzgerald (Alexander 2016). Robert Fitzgerald is known as one of the best Greek translators in English, and his work includes Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex and Homer’s Iliad and The Odyssey (Mitgang 1985). This affected O’Connor’s Good Country People as it has similarities to the Cyclops scene in B ook 9 of TheRead MoreEffects Of Africanization In This Side Jordan By Margret1750 Words   |  7 Pageserasing the dominating culture of the white into the African culture and to clearly spell out the supremacy of the African culture. The authors during the period employed various artistic skills which enable them to put down the effaced signs, symbols, myths and the folktales of the countries that were colonized by the European powers. The writers put their focus on the on the social quandary of the communities that suffered the traumatic affiliation of the strange power and the authority of the EuropeanRead MoreThe Role Of Achievement Motivation1732 Words   |  7 PagesCHAPTER FIVE SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER STUDIES 5.1 SUMMARY Over the years there has been hue and cry on industrial development in Nigeria. But the focus was mainly on the governments’ contribution and its activities like intervention policies and program to realize this goal. Furthermore, huge budgetary allocation designated, and plunged into the sector notwithstanding, only modest success, if any had been recorded. Consequent upon this, this research topicRead MoreThe Myth Of Epic Of Gilgamesh 1879 Words   |  8 PagesHistory 10 Professor Chrissanthos 4 October, 2016 From Myth to Religion The Sumerian myth â€Å"Epic of Gilgamesh† is known to be the oldest written fictional story of all time. The original script, discovered on 12 clay tablets in ancient Sumeria, covers the adventures of a real historical figure (Ralph): the Sumarian King of Uruk, who lived sometime between the years 2750 and 2500 B.C. (Epic) The adventures of Gilgamesh were so popular among the people of that era (the earliest written versions ofRead MoreThe Core Essence Of Servant Leadership From A Biblical Perspective1605 Words   |  7 Pages‘Servant Leadership’ from a Biblical perspective, which might be able to provide practical, theological, and hermeneutical insights in order to develop leadership competency and a healthy prosperous ministry, as oppose to the current secular ‘leadership’ myths and fascination in our church, culture and society. Admittedly, over the years I have always admired and strived to adopt a servant leader attitude in all my endeavo rs. 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Competing Models Contemporary Planning Theory

Question: Describe about the Competing models of Contemporary planning theory? Answer: Planning is a regularizing development one would suspect that planning will be considered good essentials. Post World War-2 noticeable planning thought became acquainted with separated from good thought. Shockingly, this midsection showed an invalid conferred reason that each restraint was worked in ascribes and should dodge worth request. This false supposition is in the blink of an eye essentially can't. "Contemporary Planning Theory" totally perceives the routinely directing traits of the planning system. Then again, notwithstanding it makes small use of directing good thought to light up the issues raised by this recognizing evidence (Guhathakurta, 1999). There is an enhancing advanced enthusiasm, in the spatial organization of city ranges and in spatial procedure. However, there is a typical loss of certification in legislative systems as methods for issue assertion and the perfect control of joining materials. This builds worries about how partners in spatial change in the city ranges become acquainted with the confused qualities of city regions, how they become acquainted with the reality on strategies and exercises, and how this may be changed over into effect on exercises (Healey, 2012). The routes in which planning oversaw at the beginning of the Twenty first thousand years did not follow a solitary outline of either an applicable method or a suitable result. Inside European nations and the U. s. Announces, requests a participatory modeone that drew in natives well on the way to be experiencing changes in the planning strategy for their regions came to be regarded in a few spots yet not in others. The thought of participatory planning has conveyed to the world, in spite of the fact that it keeps on being confined in its receiving. For the most part, the level of which planning incorporates a group commitment demonstrates the level of popular government experienced in every spot. Inside a more participatory structure, the piece of constant changes from that of expert to that of mediator between diverse classifications, or "partners" (Hillier and Healey, 2008). This adjusted part has been prescribed by supporters supporting a thought of "informative soundness." Expert s of this point of view, on the other hand, assert that the technique may decrease progression or just improve the cravings of the individuals who have the most power, prompting the results rather than the group interest. They are additionally drawn in that the response of "Nimbyism" avoids building financially savvy land and required group venues if neighbourhood residents have the capacity for any advancement that they stress will bring down their property principles (Levy, 2011). In whole, the huge mixture of sorts, of assignments on which coordinators work, the absence of assertion over methodology and goals, and the diverse procedures taken in better places and countries has made extraordinary contrast inside current city planning. In any case, in spite of the fact that the exceptional idea of tight isolation of employments is always on the succeed in numerous spots, there is a noticeable example toward blended utilization improvement, especially of supporting exercises, for example, retail location, entertainment, and lodging inside downtown areas (Roo and Silva, 2010). Certain destinations of planning, for example, insurance of the earth, stay vital, and accentuation among the different targets have adjusted. Specifically, monetary development planning, particularly in old places that have encountered from the reduction of generation, has arrived at the front. Coordinators responsible for money related development act much like businessmen included, in promoting: they upgrade their places to imminent dealers and survey physical development as far as its appreciation for capital and its planned to make undertakings, instead of by its refreshment or consenting to an all-inclusive strategy. Such organizers work to accomplish development contracts with foremen and organizations that will upgrade nearby business. Particularly in the U. S., planning associations have fretted about promoting the monetary development and have ended up included in examining offers with individual originators. Designers may be allowed to manufacture in returned for giving su bsidizes, gimmicks, or different profits to the group. In the U. S., where exceptional approval is not obliged if the building suits into the zoning regulation, offers typically incorporate an open appropriation. Regular development contracts incorporate giving place, charge remission, or controlling help to property planners in return for a devotion to give facilities. An agreement might likewise be hit between the city and an individual organization in which the organization affirms to move into or stay in a place in return for different rebates. Numerous such arrangements create talk about, particularly if a town workout the privilege of prestigious area and takes an individual place for development assignments (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2015). Overall ideas with respect to suitable planning have logically put up as an effect of a few styles. To begin with, keen defences against a "solitary plan" procedure have acquired authority. The special concession to the manifestation of composing development encapsulating differentiating of employments and reliable development along pioneer lines has been changed by understanding of neighbourhood varieties and the more prominent craving to consent to the law based input. Second, it has gotten to be regularly realized that, even where the inconvenience of necessities may be suitable, numerous spots do not have the sources to acquire them. In the third world, easy-going commercial centres and understandings, once scrutinized by coordinators, now have all the earmarks of being unavoidable and regularly fitting in giving the needs of lacking regions. Organizers in these circumstances, influenced by overall help associations, continuously push to redesign squatter assertions and street co mmercial centres instead of evacuating them for the sake of change. Third, legislative reasons embracing the free business have constrained coordinators to scan for business sector based distinct options for issues, for example, defilement and the supply of open administrations. This has prompted privatization of previously transparently had gimmicks and sources and to the exchanging of benefits to make range and to discharge contaminants set up on a basically controlling procedure (Allmendinger, 2002). Planning in its roots had a suggested suspicion that a decently planned, widely arranged city would be a socially ameliorative one. At the end of the day, it kept up toward environmental determinism. The objectives of planning have therefore ended up more direct, and the way that the physical environment can essentially influence social conduct has lessened. Planning as practice and self-restraint is based upon the open arrangement as a gadget for producing a more sensible and eye-getting climate that, while not definitely changing human conduct, however assumes a part in advancements in the aggregate prosperity for various individuals (Cao, 2013). References Allmendinger, P. (2002). Planning theory. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave. Cao, K. (2013). Modern urban planning theories. Planning Theory, 12(3), pp.321-323. Encyclopedia Britannica, (2015). Urban planning: Competing models. [Online] Available at: https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/619445/urban-planning/258086/Competing-models [Accessed 23 Mar. 2015]. Guhathakurta, S. (1999). Urban Modeling and Contemporary Planning Theory: Is There a Common Ground?. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 18(4), pp.281-292. Healey, P. (2012). Strategic Planning for Contemporary Urban Regions: City of Cities: A project for Milan. Planning Theory Practice, 13(3), pp.497-498. Hillier, J. and Healey, P. (2008). Critical essays in planning theory. Aldershot, Hants, Eng.: Ashgate. Levy, J. (2011). Contemporary urban planning. Boston: Longman. Roo, G. and Silva, E. (2010). A planner's encounter with complexity. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate.

Innovation and Sustainable Business Development for Revenue Growth

Question: Discuss about theInnovation and Sustainable Business Development for Revenue Growth. Answer: Concept of a business model A business model is referred to the clear and concise way of showing how exactly the business is operated. In an organization, the management team is expected to explain the business model in few sentences (Fey Trimble, 1993). All the companies in present time try to strive to offer the value to customers. The stronger the value proposition, especially when it is compared with the competitors, the most likely many customers will buy through the company. The business model is considered as the way of translating the concept of the value proposition in the potential for having profitability and rapid revenue growth (Fey Trimble, 1993). The business model explains the various methods, which can be used by companies in generating revenue. It can include charging the fees for subscription, selling the products or services, selling the service contract over the item for creating the revenue opportunities. The model also depicts the factors related to the business operation that leads to profitability. The organization might hold high margin, as compared to competitors, due to the low-cost sources associated with supply (Fey Trimble, 1993). A business that attains advantage through word of mouth suggestions through present customers towards prospective customers can become profitable, as this type of marketing is less costly than others like advertising. Explain what is involved when referring to the notion of an e-business archetype, business model as an activity system AND a business model as a cost-revenue architecture. The business model is the integral part of economic and trading behaviour in this pre-classical period. In the mid-1990s the concept of business model has become more prevalent through the coming of the internet, as it has helped in collecting momentum, since that time. From that period, ideas around this concept are resonated with business practitioners and scholars, as mentioned by various publications, which also include book chapters, articles in the scientific journals and business press (Fey Trimble, 1993). The research stream that is devoted towards the business model focuses on e-business. It implies doing the business electronically. It includes e-markets, e-commerce, as well as internet based business, and involves the companies that undertake commercial transactions with the buyers and business partners on the internet (Forrester, 1994). Only companies that rarely make use of websites for displaying the product/service information are excluded. Current advancement in the information and communication technologies, like the swift and emergence of internet and this lead to rapid reduction in the communication and computing cost, which has permitted towards the development of different ways of creating and delivering the value, that has also offered scope for creating the unconventional mechanism of exchange and transaction architectures (Keating, 1998). The same has accentuated the expectation for designing new boundaries of organizational forms. Indeed, all these developments have opened the doors for business model design through enabling the companies to bring change in primary ways for organizing and engaging in the economic exchange in inside and across the boundaries of the industry. As per Keating (1998), it includes the ways, through which companies quickly communicate with both customers and suppliers. The companies conceptualize the business model like the system of interdependent activities, which transcend the focal companies and span around the boundaries (Vennix, 1992). The system of activity try to enable the company to create value in relation with partners, but also relevant to value creation share (Keating, 1998). As per empirical research, it is recommended that there are two sets related with parameters, on which activity system designers expect to consider, structure and governance, design components, that explain the activity system architecture, as well as design themes like efficiency, novelty, lock-in, and complementarities. It also describes the activity system sources of value creation. The basic logic behind the business model revolves around the revenue and cost of the companies, along with capture value mechanism, and cost value proposition (Lane, 1993). Therefore, conceived the business model could act as a vehicle for initiating innovation, just like the inno vation subject. Explain how these business model conceptualizations can be used to analyse and solve static and dynamic problems, including business model design/redesign problems. Lane and Oliva (1998) identify different thinking along with the process of modelling, which characterize the problem definition and explores the conceptualization stage like the divergent. Along with this, it also points towards the variation in the answers of people towards the question, when they are individually formulated or either in the group (Lane Oliva, 1998). In this context, it depicts the process, in which the conceptual model use was linked with the Delphi technique modification in the problem elicitation of issues and its conceptualization. Lane and Oliva (1998) also emphasize over the significance of facilitation process and the session design in handling issues within groups. Many tools aid towards the conceptualization and identification of issues. Martinez Luna (2001) emphasize on other things like the significance to include the decision making process in modelling and the ability to quickly diagnose the actual problem and then matching the issues with the releva nt modelling technique (Martinez Luna, 2001). Business model conceptualization is referred as the way to tackle the complex issues occurring in the decision conference aided through different tools. Especially the group including the multi-attribute utility models, the project combined system assumptions surfacing and testing, as well as system dynamics in the policy analysis and conceptualization of the issues (Martinez Luna, 2001). Explain what is meant by the term business context and the notion that changes in business are inevitable. Big data is defined as the four V, such as volume, variety, velocity, and veracity. The new paradigm explains by combining all these dimensions. In the period of data management, most of the information is captured through business transactions including the processes, stakeholders, services, and products (Martinez Richardson, 2001). In the current years, data goes beyond the corporate boundaries, and the same is increasingly made available. It also includes relevant information through internet-of-things and social networks. Mobile manufacturing company Oppo, have around 5 billion handsets all over the world, along with the mobile channel, which serves as the core gateway on the internet in a huge swath of both China and India. It is another source of big data because every action considers by the user could be potentially geotagged (Mashayekhi, 1992). Explain how the organization's business model has been impacted by the change and what this means for managers when making decisions about the organization's business model. Location based services are making use of big real-time data as well as analytics, which enables the organizations to easily understand how the need for customers and interest get change when the customers move from their location (Sterman, 2000). Research undertaken in the proactive customers care will be considered as disruptive, as the conventional location concept in sales will most likely to get change. The different changes taking place in business are mainly due to the big data and will most liable to cause a dramatic shift within different professions (Scholl, 1995). Specific job category will get obsolete, where else the job categories and will be most likely to attain strength. Conclude by briefly discussing the significance of your findings for the future of business models research and practice. This review recommends around three concepts, which might warrant different considerations like e-business model archetypes; business model as cost/revenue architecture, and business model as an activity system. This different type of concept can be investigated fruitfully and in relation with one another, under the single business model theme. The important theme which is formulated is forming, basically goes around the notion of business model, just like the new unit analysis, providing the systematic viewpoint over how to conduct business, that encompasses the activities of boundary spanning, and emphasize over value creation along with value capture. All these themes are mutually reinforcing and are even interconnect. It recommends that the field is going through the conceptual consolidation that is required to move the way for cumulative research within the business model. References Fey, W. R. and J. Trimble (1993). An Expert System to Aid in Model Conceptualization. International System Dynamics Conference. Cancun, Mexico, System Dynamics Society. Forrester, J. (1994). Policies, Decisions and Information Sources for Modeling in Modeling for Learning Organizations. J. Morecroft and J. Sterman eds. Productivity Press. Portland, OR pp. 51-84. Also in European Journal of Operational Research, 59(1), 42-63 Keating, E. K. (1998). "Everything You Ever Wanted to Know about Developing a System Dynamics Model, but Were Afraid to Ask.". 16th International Conference of the System Dynamics Society, Quebec '98, Quebec City, Canada, System Dynamics Society. Lane, D. C. (1993). The Road Not Taken: Observing a Process of Issue Selection and Model Conceptualization. System Dynamics Review, 9(3), 239-264. Lane, D. C. and Oliva, R. (1998). The Greater Whole: Towards a Synthesis of SD and SSM. European Journal of Operational Research, 107(1), 214-235. Martinez, I. Luna, L. (2001). Best Practices in System Dynamics: a Structural Approach. in The 19th International Conference of the System Dynamics Society. Martinez, I. Richardson, G. P. (2001). Best Practices in System Dynamics Modeling. in The 19th International Conference of the System Dynamics Society. Mashayekhi, A. N. (1992). From a Static Picture to a Dynamic Problem Definition. Proceedings of the 1992 International System Dynamics Conference of the System Dynamics Society. 11 Utrecht, the Netherlands, The System Dynamics Society. Scholl, G. J. (1995). Benchmarking the system dynamics community: research results. System Dynamics Review, 11(2), 139 to 155 Sterman, J.D. (2000). Business Dynamics : Systems Thinking and Modeling for a Complex World. Boston: Irwin/McGraw-Hill. Vennix, J. A. M., et al. (1992). Model-building for group decision support and alternatives in knowledge elicitation. European Journal of Operations Research, 59(1), 28-41.